CV Carb Tuning
Follow steps in order...., dial in:
- 1. Top end
(full throttle / 7.5k to
redline - Best Main Jet be selected before starting step 2!
- Select Best Main Jet
- If the bike pulls harder at high rpm when cold and less hard when fully warmed up, the
main jet
is too large. Install a smaller main jet and retest until you find the main jet
that pulls the hardest
at high rpm when fully warmed up. This must be done first - before
moving on to the other tuning ranges.
- If the bike doesn't pull well at high rpm when cold and gets only slightly better when
fully warmed
up, the main jet is too small.
- In order to properly tune the midrange and low rpm carburetion, THE MAIN JET MUST FIRST
BE
PROPERLY SELECTED after 10 to 15 minutes of hard use!
- Do not pay too much attention to the lowend richness when you are changing main jets -
you still need
to be using the main jets that produce the best power at high rpm. You will
deal with the lowend / cruise later - after step 2.
- 2. Midrange (full throttle /5k-7k)
- Select best needle clip position
- To get the best power at full throttle / 5k-7k rpm, after you have already selected the
best main jet,
- If the engine pulls better on a full throttle roll-on starting at <3k, when cool but
soft when at full operating
temperature, it is too rich in the midrange and the needle
should be lowered.
- If the engine pulls better when fully warmed up but still not great between 5k-7k, try
raising the needle to
richen 5k-7k.
- If the engine pulls equally well between 5k-7k when cooler as compared to fully warmed
up, the needle height
is probably properly set.
- Do not pay too much attention to the lowend richness when you are changing needle clip
positions - you still
need to be using the clip position that produces the best full
throttle / 5k-7k power in conjunction with the
main jets that produce the best power at
high rpm. You will deal with the lowend / cruise next.
- 3. Low end (full throttle / 2k-3k)
- To get best lowend power, set float height so that the engine will accept full
throttle in 2nd gear from
2.5k to 3k rpm at minimum.
- Float heights, unless otherwise specified in the installation guide, are measured from
the "gasket surface"
of the carb body to the highest part of the top of the
float - with the float tang touching but not compressing
the float valve
spring.
- If the engine has a "wet" rhythmic, soggy area at full throttle / 3k-4k rpm,
that gets worse as the engine heats
up, lower the fuel level by resetting the float height
1mm greater (if the original was 13mm - go to 14mm).
This will lower the fuel level,
making full throttle / 2k-3k rpm leaner.
- If the engine is "dry" and flat between 2k to 3k rpm, raise the fuel level.
- Example: change float height from 15mm to 14mm to richen up that area.
- REMEMBER, since the main jet WILL affect low speed operation, the MAIN JET has to be
within 1 or 2
sizes of correct before final float setting.
- Warning: If the engine is left with the fuel level too high,, the engine may foul plugs
on the street and will
be "soft" and boggy at part throttle operation. Adjust
Floats to raise/ lower the Fuel Level.
- Base settings are usually given if a particular application has a history of fuel level
criticalness. The Fuel
level height in the float bowl affects full throttle/low rpm and,
also, richness or leanness at cruise/low rpm.
- Reference: a bike that runs cleanly at small throttle openings when cold, but
starts to show signs of richness
as it heats up to full operating temperature, will
usually be leaned out enough to be correct if the fuel level is
LOWERED 1mm. FUEL LEVEL IS
EXTREMELY IMPORTANT!!!
- If there are lowend richness problems, even after lowering the fuel level much more than
1.5mm from our initial
settings, also check for needle wear and needle jet (part of the
emulsion tube). See Worn
Needle and
Worn
Needle Jet diagram. It is VERY common for the brass needle jets (in
the top of the "emulsion tube")
in 36mm, 38mm and 40mm Mikuni CV carbs to wear
out in as little as 5,000 miles. Check them for "oblong"
wear - the needle jet
orifice starts out round!
- 4. Idle and low rpm cruise
- Fuel Screw setting (AKA mixture screws)
- There is usually a machined brass plug covering the fuel screws.
It's about the diameter of a pencil. Plug location.
- Set for smoothest idle and 2nd gear, 4k rpm, steady state cruise operation. Set mixture
screws at recommended
settings, as a starting point. For smoothest idle, 2nd gear 4000 rpm
steady state cruise , and 1/8 throttle high
rpm operation.
- Pilot fuel mixture screw settings, float level AND pilot jet size are the primary
sources of mixture delivery during
4000 rpm steady state cruise operation.
- If lean surging is encountered, richen mixture screws (turn out) in 1/2 turn
increments. Pilot jets are also available.
- Pilot fuel mixture screw settings, float level and pilot jet size also affect high-rpm,
0 to 1/8 throttle maneuvers.
- Too lean, will cause surging
problems when the engine is operated at high rpm at small throttle
openings! Opening
the mixture screws and/or increasing pilot jet size will usually cure
the problem.
- NOTE: A rich problem gets worse as the engine heats
up.
- If the throttle is lightly "blipped" at idle, and the rpm drops below the set
idle speed, then rises up to the set idle
speed, the low speed mixture screws are probably
set too rich: try 1/2 turn in, to lean the idle mixture.
- NOTE: A lean problem gets better as the engine heats
up.
- If the throttle is lightly "blipped" at idle, and the rpm "hangs up"
before dropping to the set idle speed, and there
are no intake leaks and the idle speed is
set at less than 1000 rpm, the mixture screws are probably too lean: try
1/2 turn out, to richen mixture. Be sure there are no intake leaks and the idle speed is set at about
1100 rpm!
- Carb tuning is a combination of science, art, intuition and a lot of wizardry.
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